Diploma course on Obstetrics and Perinatology: a felt need of the Nursing professionals
RESEARCH PAPER

 

Diploma course on Obstetrics and Perinatology: a felt need of the Nursing professionals

 

Diplomado de Obstetricia y Perinatología: una necesidad sentida de los profesionales de la Enfermería

 

 

Aurelia de la Caridad Conde Williams

Havana University of Medical Sciences. Cuba. E-mail: aurelia.conde@infomed.sld.cu

 

 

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the contribution of the diploma course in Obstetrical and Perinatological Nursing developed in Boyeros municipality, Havana province, for its relevance and pertinence for updating the knowledge in these professionals. It highlights the acquisition and deepening of content and the development of skills for their performance. The mastery of information and communication technologies was taken into account in the different actions that contribute to reducing the indicators of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in Cuba.

MeSH: education, nursing, education, medical, graduate.

RESUMEN

En la presente comunicación se expone el aporte del diplomado en Enfermería Obstétrica y Perinatológica desarrollado en el municipio Boyeros, provincia La Habana, por su relevancia y pertinencia para la actualización de los conocimientos en estos profesionales. En él se destacan la adquisición y profundización de los contenidos y el desarrollo de habilidades para su desempeño. Se tuvo en cuenta el dominio de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en las diferentes acciones que contribuyen a disminuir los indicadores de morbilidad-mortalidad materna e infantil en Cuba.

DeCS: educación en enfermería, educación de posgrado en Enfermería.

 

 

It is a priority of the Cuban government the (MIAP), program, (it´s the mother-infant attention program), it´s related to the human development index, which allows "... measuring the capacity of people to achieve long and healthy lives, communicate and participate in community activities And have sufficient resources to achieve a reasonable standard of living".1

In recent years, a number of topics of extraordinary importance for public health and community well-being have been incorporated into this program: maternity and responsible paternity, reproductive or preconception risk, ectopic pregnancy, congenital malformation, hypertensive diseases of the pregnant woman, Puerperal sepsis, breastfeeding, abortion, hypoxia, low birth weight and sepsis of the newborn. However, after reaching notable indicators in objective results, new knowledge and practices are needed to develop what has been achieved, in accordance with the efforts made by the Cuban State in the interest of the well-being of the entire population.1

The constant and vertiginous development of the health system in all its extension and coverage has been one of the principles of the Cuban Revolution. Every day new programs and guidelines emerge that project the work towards a continuous improvement in the attention to the population. This requires of specialists better prepared to face the challenges of development and maintain, as well as improve qualitatively, the health indicators achieved.2

A palpable proof of this is expressed in the study carried out by the author of this research paper, in which she was able to verify, through surveys to seventy bachelors in nursing working in primary health care and twenty of secondary health care, that there are learning needs about the obstetric and perinatological services of Boyeros municipality. They issued inadequate answers to the questions related to the care functions they should have to provide excellent nursing care for the pregnant woman, the puerperal woman and the newborn. It is understandable; therefore, the imminent need to design a type of professional upgrading that guarantees the deepening of knowledge in this area. The analysis of the data issued by the respondents reflected that 96.7% of them stated the need exposed.

One of the fundamental purposes of the Cuban health system is the training of human resources, both to raise the level of preparation of its professionals in nursing, as the quality of services and care for pregnant, puerperal and newborn patients.

An analysis of the curricular design for postgraduate studies of nursing graduates revealed the shortcomings that still exist in this direction. A large bibliographical study, specifically of Ph. Ds theses by national and international authors, was carried out, which allowed us to verify that, although the improvement and the professional performance are taken care of, their subjects have been little treated from the MIAP point of view. This requires deepening through a pedagogical approach for the elaboration of a strategy that contributes to the improvement of the performance of these professionals.3-5

To this end, the Diploma course in Obstetrical and Perinatological Nursing was implemented in "Enrique Cabrera", Havana Faculty of Medical Sciences. It was designed in the institution itself by the author of the article and its respective teaching staff. It was recommended to be applied in the different institutions that provide Obstetrics and Perinatology services, for its social impact on health services. Its design, implementation and application had a positive balance, not only in the scientific-technical preparation of the students, but also as a social impact in the nursing areas themselves, with the elevation of the quality of the services provided to the population. This led to the implementation of two new versions. There was an increase in enrollment due to the need to continue creating training and continuous professional development spaces that favor the process of universalization of postgraduate education in nursing. In this way, the pregnant.

The diploma course made specialized training possible through the acquisition and deepening of knowledge and skills development in particular areas of professional performance in close connection with the functions and requirements of workplaces.

With its implementation, transformations were achieved in the mode of professional performance in terms of the dialectical relationship between knowledge and ability. It is not possible to separate the assimilation of knowledge from its application; therefore, "knowing", "knowing how to do" and "knowing how to coexist" characterized its theoretical-methodological orientation. At the end of each version, the main achievements, strengths and weaknesses were identified, which made it possible to systematize the training of graduates in nursing and to verify that it has been satisfactorily developed, in compliance with the stated objectives, as regulated in the normative documents.6

In this way, the satisfaction of the woman and the newborn is achieved through health actions with an intersectoral and community participation in the promotion and prevention for the improvement of the way of life, and contributes to increase the health levels of the female population.7

 

Declaration of interests

The author declares not to have any conflict of interest.

 

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

1. Programa Nacional Materno-Infantil. Ministerio de Salud Pública. República de Cuba. La Habana: Minsap; 2015.

2. Urbina Laza C. La educación de posgrado en las universidades médicas cubanas. Educ Med Super [Internet]. 2015 [citado 30 Sep 2016];29(2):[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-21412015000200017

3. Akintobi TH, Dawood N, Blumenthal DS. An academic-public health department partnership for education, research, practice, and governance. J Public Health Manag Pract [Internet]. 2014 [citado 30 Sep 2016];20(3):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315501/

4. Figueroa Soledispa ML, Machado Ramírez EF. La superación en liderazgo docente y la transformación de los procesos universitarios. Rev Hum Med [Internet]. 2012 [citado 30 Sep 2016];12(3):[aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1727-81202012000300003

5. De Souza-Cruz, MC. Competencias y entorno clínico de aprendizaje en enfermería: autopercepción de estudiantes avanzados de Uruguay [tesis]. Uruguay: Universidad de la República de Uruguay; 2016.

6. Ministerio de Educación Superior. Reglamento de Postgrado del Ministerio de Educación Superior. Indicaciones metodológicas para la confección de los programas docentes de las figuras de la superación profesional. La Habana: Minsap; 2014.

7. Añorga Morales, J. La Educación Avanzada y el Mejoramiento Profesional y Humano [tesis]. La Habana: UCP "Enrique José Varona"; 2012.

 

 

Submitted: February 16 2017
Accepted: Juny 5 2017.

 

 

Aurelia de la Caridad Conde Williams.Havana University of Medical Sciences. Cuba. E-mail: aurelia.conde@infomed.sld.cu

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