Determinants of degree completion among Dentistry students at the University of Antofagasta, Chile

Authors

Keywords:

students, dental; educational measurement; evaluation studies as topic; learning; education, medical

Abstract

Background: Monitoring timely graduation rates allows for the design of interventions that improve student academic performance.

Objective: To identify the determinants of timely degree completion among Dentistry students at the University of Antofagasta between 2015, 2016, and 2017.

Methods: Quantitative, observational, analytical study of a historical cohort. Students who entered in 2015, 2016, and 2017 were included, and those who dropped out of the program were excluded. Theoretical methods (analytical-synthetic and inductive-deductive) and empirical methods (documentary analysis) were used. The main variable was timely degree completion, and other sociodemographic and academic variables were analyzed. Among the mathematical-statistical methods, descriptive analysis and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test were used. For normally distributed variables, Student's t-test and ANOVA were used; for non-normally distributed variables, the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, and the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, with p < 0.05.

Results: A total of 127 students were analyzed, with a mean age at admission of 19.1 years (SD 1.2) and a female predominance. In 2015, there was a higher proportion of students not originating from Antofagasta (p < 0.05). The variables high school GPA, university entrance exam score, number of failed subjects, and final degree grade showed significant differences according to timely degree completion (p < 0.05); no differences were found according to sex or type of admission (p > 0.05). The 2016 and 2017 cohorts had lower timely graduation rates (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Timely degree completion is associated with better prior academic background and lower failure rates. The lower timely graduation rates in the 2016 and 2017 cohorts may be linked to curriculum changes related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

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Author Biographies

Doris Tapia-Castillo, Universidad de Antofagasta. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Departamento de Odontología. Antofagasta. Chile

There are no conflicts of interest.

Cynthia Rebolledo-Alzérreca, Universidad de Antofagasta. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Departamento de Odontología. Antofagasta. Chile

Cirujano-dentista. Máster en Educación Universitaria. Especialista en Odontopediatría. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Departamento de Odontología. Antofagasta.

Diego Varas-Varas, Universidad de Antofagasta. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Departamento de Odontología. Antofagasta. Chile

There are no conflicts of interest.

Constanza Garrido-Urrutia, Universidad de Antofagasta. Facultad de Medicina y Odontología. Departamento de Odontología. Antofagasta. Chile

There are no conflicts of interest.

References

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Published

2026-06-01

How to Cite

1.
Tapia-Castillo D, Rebolledo-Alzérreca C, Varas-Varas D, Garrido-Urrutia C. Determinants of degree completion among Dentistry students at the University of Antofagasta, Chile. EDUMEC [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1 [cited 2026 Jun. 2];18(1):e3377. Available from: https://revedumecentro.sld.cu/index.php/edumc/article/view/3377

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Section

ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL